Exporting products to Spain can represent an enticing growth opportunity for many businesses. As the second largest country in the EU, access to its 47 million consumers can significantly boost sales and expand market share. However, reaping these rewards requires successfully running the gauntlet of Spanish customs procedures.

With complex and frequently changing regulations administered by 17 different customs offices across Spain, clearing shipments can be frustratingly difficult, time-consuming, and unpredictable. It’s estimated over 25% of shipments to Spain encounter issues at some point in the customs clearance processes resulting in costly delays ranging from a few days to over three weeks.

For time-sensitive deliveries or companies operating on a just-in-time inventory models, these customs delays in Spain can be devastating:

➤ Late deliveries erode customer trust and loyalty in the Spanish market

➤ Storage fees rapidly accrue while goods stall in ports and warehouses

➤ Manufacturing outputs slow or cease awaiting delayed raw materials or components

➤ Rush shipping charges must be incurred to meet delivery deadlines

➤ Expired or obsolete products and materials must be discarded

➤ In the worst cases, customs delays can completely erase profit margins from selling into the Spanish market. So what proactive steps can you take to avoid becoming another statistic?

Securing an In-Country Customs Broker Should Be the Priority

Simply put, attempting to handle Spanish customs filings in-house is a recipe for trouble. Regulations shift so frequently that even native corporations partner with customs brokers for compliance support. A brokerage located in Spain offers ideal positioning to:

➤ Maintain close relationships with each unique customs office

➤ Receive real-time regulation updates and policy guidance

➤ Get advanced notice when documentation rules change

➤ Tap into a formal appeal processes to contest unjustified shipment delays

This local presence and expertise makes missteps less likely to happen. But more importantly, when issues inevitably still crop up, they have the connections to quickly resolve most holds ups. Having a Spanish broker in your corner can convert week-long delays into minor two-day inconveniences.

The ideal partner for avoiding Spanish customs debacles is a logistics provider with integrated in-house brokerage services located in-country. The seamless information exchange and aligned incentives ensure customs needs are prioritised. As an extension of the logistics company itself, they take responsibility for proactively securing timely releases.

Advanced Technology Solutions Also Offer Promise

In addition to a local customs broker, evaluating carriers and logistics providers capable of supplying enhanced shipment visibility and process automation merits strong consideration.

Integrations providing real-time status updates, documentation management tools, and inventory tracking visibility empower you to spot potential bottlenecks as they emerge. Access to digital freight platforms and collaborative portals also streamlines communicating critical information to key players the second it’s needed – reducing delays.

While technology alone won’t eliminate customs issues, when paired with an engaged in-country customs broker, it can certainly chip away at unnecessary stagnation. Every minute saved counts when operating on today’s lean supply chains.

Successfully competing in Spain requires overcoming the obstacle of cumbersome customs procedures. The optimal solution is partnering with a vested logistics provider or freight forwarder that also maintains an experienced in-house customs brokerage staff inside Spain. Augmenting that setup with technologies capable of enhancing visibility and documentation workflows will also pay dividends.

Hopefully, putting a structure like this in place will allow your company to realise the full growth potential of selling into Spain without customs serving as an anchor dragging down operations and profitability.

Our world has fully embraced the era of the fourth industrial revolution, marked by the integration of artificial intelligence and higher degrees of automation across all industries. This digital transformation spares no sector, including maritime transport, which undergoes profound changes amidst rapid technological advancements. With the imminent fifth industrial revolution, driven by climate urgency and the need to make maritime transport a player in energy transition, predicting the landscape until 2030 involves some risk. While precise outcomes remain uncertain, discernible trends and potential risks are emerging.

In the crystal ball of our experience and expertise in maritime management spanning over sixty years, this white paper aims to assist you in navigating this dynamic and sometimes challenging environment while keeping a clear course to better understand what the future holds.

THE ECOLOGICAL QUESTION

Approximately 80% of physical goods exchange flows pass through maritime transport. The transportation sector accounts for nearly a quarter of global greenhouse gas emissions, and with emissions projected to double by 2050, urgent measures are needed. The ecological question is the primary trend that maritime transport, as well as its clients, must address. It is integral to the carbon footprint of a product, increasingly concerning end customers, both professional and individual. Companies must consider environmental impacts throughout a product’s life cycle to reduce energy consumption, produce more efficiently, and find ways to mitigate the environmental impact associated with maritime transport.

By 2030 and beyond, ecological concerns are both evident and complex. Decarbonising maritime transport is the top priority, influencing aspects like vessel transformation, exploration of new maritime routes, changes in sourcing policies, and the convergence of production and consumption locations.

Today, two solutions are frequently discussed within the current maritime ecosystem: a significant reduction in vessel speeds, which could disrupt international logistics chains profoundly, and the use of less polluting fuels, like liquefied natural gas (LNG), limiting harmful atmospheric emissions. The European Commission aims to gradually eliminate fossil fuels in favor of adopting green fuels, providing flexibility to shipowners and fleet operators. The clear objective outlined in the European Union’s climate roadmap is a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 compared to 1990 levels. This necessitates a radical evolution in maritime transport to meet market demands, become more competitive and profitable, all while being influenced by global trends, technological advancements, and fuel innovations.

What is the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of a product?

LCA is a step-by-step evaluation method that audits all stages of a product’s life cycle, from raw material extraction to manufacturing, distribution, use, collection, and disposal in end-of-life channels. It is a comprehensive process that provides insights into the environmental impacts of a product.

Sail-Powered Ships:

Renewable energies, particularly wind energy, could play a significant role in decarbonising maritime transport. Wind power could lead to a 20-40% fuel consumption reduction, lowering fuel costs and greenhouse gas emissions. The European Union estimates that 15% of the global commercial fleet will be partially wind-powered by 2030, with the UK predicting 45% by 2050. Various innovations, such as kites, rigid sails, soft sails, and suction wings, are expected to become more common on future ships by the end of the decade.

Evolving Ships:

Ship operations and performance monitoring technology have continually improved. Future vessels will feature a comprehensive sensor network to measure all aspects of operations, including defect detection and identification of areas requiring maintenance or repair. With increasingly powerful ship-to-shore communications, most ship operations can be controlled by onshore fleet management teams. Embracing the Internet of Things (IoT) technological revolution will connect ships, ports, containers, and goods to gather more data for making informed decisions.

However, the digitalisation of maritime transport comes with a growing risk of cyber attacks. The 2018 NotPetya malware attacks disrupted critical systems of Maersk, resulting in losses of $250 to $300 million. The future of maritime transport necessitates a focus on digital security professionalism due to the close interconnection of ships, ports, cargo owners, and various stakeholders.

Larger Ships:

Emulating the A380’s strategy in the maritime industry involves building larger vessels for more cost-effective transport. Currently, the Ever Apex holds the title of the world’s largest container ship, with a capacity exceeding 24,000 TEUs (Twenty-foot Equivalent Units). Leveraging the cost-saving potential of these giant vessels requires rethinking some commercial routes and canal crossings to use their space most efficiently.

Optimised Ships:

Achieving more ecological maritime transport also requires redefining construction techniques. Pressured to reduce the carbon footprint of maritime fleets, numerous technologies are under consideration, such as streamlined hulls, more efficient propellers, better trip planning to save fuel, and improved hull coatings. Fuel choice plays a crucial role, with increasing interest in LNG due to its potential to help operators meet emission reduction targets while remaining competitive in terms of cost. Other fuels, including ammonia, methanol, and biofuels, are also under consideration. Maritime carriers are obligated to invest in greening their fleets to comply with the International Maritime Organisation’s (IMO) Low Sulphur regulation, effective since January 1, 2020, and strengthened by the 2023 regulations imposing further greenhouse gas reductions.

GLOBALISATION AND SOURCING EVOLUTION

Shifting Sourcing Dynamics:

Global economic interconnectivity and the proliferation of international trade agreements have reduced import tariffs, administrative formalities, and, in some global regions, corruption, while facilitating the movement of goods. However, recent years have witnessed strong protectionist movements involving countries that were previously champions of free trade and reduced trade barriers. In this context, the future of maritime transport will also undergo sourcing evolution with new models likely to emerge and evolve.

Relocation in Dots:

Behind the façade of globalisation, a new reality highlights our dependence on China for suddenly strategic production. The repatriation of production could secure supplies, revitalise national industrial fabric, and decrease carbon emissions associated with goods transport. Relocation is a subject that intertwines political and economic dimensions, often brought into focus by international events, questioning the robustness of a global value chain previously considered indestructible.

Various international events, from the 9/11 attacks and the Fukushima disaster to the Arab Spring, the Suez Canal blockage, tensions between China and the United States, and the Russia-Ukraine war, have cast doubts on the resilience of a global value chain once deemed unassailable. Relocated production may be perceived as slow and less responsive. Distance implies longer timelines and delays in decision-making. It also poses higher risks of overproduction due to mass production. However, considering surplus, unsold goods, storage, and disposal costs, the question of relocations in France and Europe will continue to be raised and widely publicised but is unlikely to become the norm.

Nearshoring: Bridging Production and Consumption:

Among options reshaping future sourcing and maritime transport is nearshoring. This model involves bringing production closer to the point of consumption without necessarily relocating to the final country. For example, a French company that previously outsourced to China might reintroduce some or all of its production to Morocco. Nearshoring brings back a sense of proximity to decision-making and the market while maintaining control over the production process. It also reduces transit times, transportation costs, and overall environmental impact.

Containerisation: Revolution or Evolution?

Containerisation revolutionised maritime transport in the mid-20th century by standardising cargo handling, reducing transportation costs, and accelerating turnaround times. Decades later, the container remains the backbone of maritime logistics. Still, changes are afoot. The post-World War II era has seen significant shifts in container design, size, and technology, but the fundamental principles of containerisation remain unchanged. The notion of revolution or evolution in containerisation is an ongoing debate. Does the industry need a radical shift, or are incremental improvements sufficient?

While some argue that the traditional container design may limit efficiency and present challenges for certain cargo types, others believe that containerisation, combined with technological advancements and smart port solutions, remains the most efficient and reliable method for global cargo transportation. Innovations such as smart containers equipped with sensors and tracking devices, blockchain-based systems for supply chain transparency, and automated container handling at ports enhance the efficiency and security of containerised shipping. In the foreseeable future, the industry might witness a hybrid approach, combining the strengths of containerisation with technological innovations to address evolving challenges.

CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Climate Urgency and Regulatory Compliance:

The urgency of climate change mitigation has prompted stringent regulations in the maritime industry. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has set ambitious targets, including reducing the carbon intensity of shipping by 40% by 2030 and achieving a 50% reduction in total greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 compared to 2008 levels. Meeting these targets requires significant changes in ship design, propulsion systems, and fuel sources.

Shipowners and operators face the challenge of investing in sustainable technologies while remaining economically viable. The transition to cleaner fuels, adoption of energy-efficient technologies, and implementation of operational measures to optimise fuel consumption all contribute to the industry’s response to climate urgency. While these changes involve substantial upfront costs, they also present opportunities for innovation, collaboration, and market differentiation.

Digitalisation and Cybersecurity:

The maritime industry’s increasing reliance on digital technologies brings unprecedented opportunities for efficiency, safety, and environmental sustainability. From autonomous vessels to blockchain-based supply chain solutions, digitalisation promises transformative benefits. However, this technological leap forward also exposes the industry to cybersecurity risks.

The interconnected nature of maritime systems, including navigation, communication, and cargo management, creates vulnerabilities that malicious actors may exploit. Cybersecurity threats pose risks to vessel safety, cargo security, and the overall resilience of maritime operations. As the industry embraces digitalisation, investing in robust cybersecurity measures becomes imperative. Training maritime professionals in cybersecurity best practices, implementing secure communication protocols, and developing resilient systems are essential steps in safeguarding the industry against cyber threats.

Geopolitical Tensions and Trade Routes:

Geopolitical tensions have a direct impact on global trade and maritime transport. Trade routes, particularly key chokepoints and strategic waterways, become focal points of geopolitical maneuvering. Tensions between major powers can result in disruptions to shipping lanes, affecting the flow of goods and increasing shipping costs.

Recent examples include the Suez Canal blockage in 2021, which highlighted the vulnerability of critical maritime infrastructure, and tensions in the South China Sea, where territorial disputes have implications for regional and global trade. The maritime industry must navigate geopolitical uncertainties, diversify trade routes where possible, and adapt to changing geopolitical dynamics.

The Human Element and Workforce Challenges:

Amidst technological advancements and automation, the human element remains a crucial factor in maritime operations. The industry faces a dual challenge: attracting and retaining skilled professionals while preparing the workforce for the digital future. Seafarers, ship engineers, and shore-based personnel must acquire new skills to operate and manage technologically advanced vessels and systems.

Automation and autonomy offer benefits in terms of safety and operational efficiency, but they also raise concerns about job displacement. Balancing the integration of automation with the preservation of maritime jobs requires proactive workforce development strategies, training programs, and collaboration between industry stakeholders, educational institutions, and policymakers.

As the maritime transport industry charts its course towards 2030 and beyond, it grapples with a complex web of challenges and opportunities. The imperative to address climate urgency reshapes the industry’s approach to sustainability, driving innovations in propulsion systems, fuel choices, and vessel design. Digitalisation promises efficiency gains but demands vigilant cybersecurity measures to safeguard critical maritime infrastructure.

Geopolitical tensions underscore the need for resilience and adaptability, prompting the industry to diversify trade routes and navigate uncertainties. The human element remains integral, necessitating a strategic focus on workforce development to align with the digital future. Ultimately, the future of maritime transport lies at the intersection of environmental responsibility, technological innovation, geopolitical realities, and the human expertise that propels the industry forward.

In this evolving landscape, stakeholders across the maritime ecosystem—from shipowners and operators to policymakers, port authorities, and industry associations—must collaborate to shape a sustainable and resilient future for maritime transport. By embracing innovation, addressing challenges proactively, and fostering a holistic approach to industry transformation, the maritime sector can navigate the seas of change with confidence and purpose.

The road transport sector stands at a crucial juncture, compelled to address the urgent need for reducing its carbon footprint. Various alternatives are emerging as potential solutions, each presenting specific advantages and challenges. It is essential to delve into these alternatives to shape the future of road mobility in a sustainable manner.

Below, you will find a diverse set of solutions aimed at making transportation more environmentally friendly:

Biofuels: XTL and B100

Biofuels, derived from organic materials like plants, offer a more sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. Their key advantage lies in their capacity to decrease carbon emissions, thereby helping mitigate the transportation sector’s impact on climate change. However, challenges arise due to competition with food production and the need for extensive land areas for biomass cultivation.

Synthetic fuels (XTL, HVO), second-generation biofuels obtained from animal fats, used oils, or forest residues, avoid competing with food products.

However, current quantities available are limited and are likely to remain so in the coming decades due to the restricted availability of usable raw materials. The use of biofuels is now viewed as a transitional phase towards other energy sources.

XTL

XTL is a biofuel based on the recovery of used oils. This fuel is produced from plant waste, avoiding direct competition with crops used for food production.

XTL, a second-generation biofuel, is non-toxic, biodegradable, and stable over time. Numerous advantages compared to conventional fuel include:

Biodegradable fuel
No fuel overconsumption
No impact on engine wear and performance

In figures, XTL represents:

An 88% reduction in CO2 emissions compared to diesel
Emission factor = 0.54 kgCO2e/Liter vs. 3.10 kgCO2e/litre for diesel
30% fewer fine and ultrafine particle emissions

Various tests are currently underway to assess the use of these alternative fuels, ensuring they are traceable and certified as sustainable.

B100

B100 is a biofuel produced from renewable raw materials, such as vegetable oils, used cooking oils, or other lipid sources. It is used as a substitute or additive to traditional petroleum-derived diesel.

The use of B100 may require modifications or adaptations to existing diesel engines due to slight differences in biodiesel properties compared to conventional diesel.

The possibility of using B100 depends on vehicle pollution standards:

Euro I to V: immediately and without engine changes
Euro VI: through a slight engine modification called retrofit for available vehicles, or immediately approved B100 for new vehicles
Classified as Crit’Air 1

In figures, B100 represents:

A 60% reduction in CO2 emissions compared to diesel
22 kg CO2e/litre vs. 3.10 kg CO2e/litre for diesel emission factor
80% fewer fine and ultrafine particle emissions

Advantages compared to conventional fuel are numerous:

Biodegradable
Not ATEX and not classified ICPE
Less flammable than petroleum diesel
Safer to handle and transport

Biogas

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) serves as an alternative to oil, primarily composed of methane. This gas can be produced in methanization stations, with BioCNG derived from renewable sources, mainly organic materials, gaining popularity in the transportation sector.

Here are some key points about BioCNG:

A renewable source produced from organic materials
Compatible with all CNG vehicles (originally fossil Natural Gas Vehicles) and utilizes the same refuelling infrastructure
0.61 kg CO2e/kg vs. 3.10 kg CO2e/litre for diesel emission factor
Minimal emissions of toxic particles and toxic or carcinogenic gases
Noise reduction while driving
Classified as Crit’Air 1

As of December 31, 2022, more than 650 stations distribute BioCNG/CNG in France.

301 refueling points are open to the public, including 224 delivering Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), 169 delivering BioCNG, and 77 delivering Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG).

In addition to alternatives to fossil fuels, new engine technologies are also being developed:

Electricity

Electric trucks are emerging as a crucial solution for decarbonizing urban and regional logistics, aligning with climate goals, particularly the binding European rules aiming for a 30% reduction in carbon emissions from new heavy-duty vehicles by 2030. Additionally, the benefits related to reducing air and noise pollution in urban areas reinforce the relevance of electric trucks.

Despite this progress, the operational deployment of electric trucks falls short of expectations. Current constraints, such as limited autonomy, reduced payload, and long recharge times, hinder the deployment of electric trucks. However, initiating the transition now is crucial to meet climate goals and avoid excessive demand in 2030.

Financial obstacles, while less prioritized than operational problems, can be overcome through financial assistance, eliminating the total ownership cost surcharge. Tax incentives, such as accelerated depreciation until 2030, and ecological bonuses contribute to making electric trucks economically competitive compared to equivalent diesel models.

Hydrogen

In the race for the decarbonization of road transport, hydrogen is emerging as a distant option, garnering increasing interest despite persistent obstacles. Recently, a hydrogen-powered truck prototype set a range record by covering 1047 kilometres on a single charge, highlighting the potential of this decarbonized technology.

However, major obstacles remain, including the lack of hydrogen refuelling infrastructure, high costs, and growing competition in the sector.

Towards Sustainable Mobility

Despite these challenges, industry stakeholders recognise the complementarity of battery-powered and hydrogen-powered trucks, along with alternatives to fossil fuels. While batteries are favoured for light loads over short distances, hydrogen could play a key role for long-distance journeys, offering faster recharge times. Currently, alternative fuels are seen as transitional energies toward more sustainable mobility.

As a forward-thinking leader in road freight movement, Ziegler is embracing a diverse range of environmentally friendly fuel options. Recognising the urgent need to address carbon emissions and promote sustainability in the transportation sector, we have made a conscientious commitment to reduce our carbon footprint. By exploring and adopting alternative fuels, we are actively contributing to a greener future for road freight. This proactive stance not only aligns with global efforts to combat climate change but also sets a positive example for the industry.

For any information request, please contact us: sales.enquiries@zieglergroup.com

Key Components of the CBAM Agreement

Check out part one here

Check out part two here

Key Components of the CBAM Agreement – Phase 1

Tariff Structure

CBAM imposes a carbon tariff on imported carbon-intensive products. The tariff is designed to align the effective carbon cost of imports with that of goods produced within the EU under the EU Emissions Trading System. By levelling the playing field, we incentivise greener manufacturing practices both within and outside the EU.

Revenue Allocation

Revenues generated from CBAM will be directed towards financing climate action initiatives and helping EU member states transition to a low-carbon economy. This revenue distribution ensures that the financial burden caused by carbon emissions is directed towards positive climate outcomes.

Emission Assessment Methodology

CBAM requires importers to report their product’s emissions based on a comprehensive and standardised methodology. This methodology considers emissions from the entire production process, ensuring an accurate and comparable assessment of each product’s carbon footprint.

Trade Partnerships and CBAM

The EU acknowledges the importance of international cooperation and aims to work with trade partners to find mutually beneficial solutions. CBAM serves as an opportunity for the EU and its trading partners to collaborate and jointly address climate change.

Exemptions and Special Provisions

The CBAM proposal includes exemptions and special provisions to accommodate the unique situations of certain countries and industries. These provisions help ensure a smooth transition to the CBAM regime and minimise undue burdens on specific sectors.

Dispute Resolution

To address any potential disputes related to CBAM, the EU has established a dispute resolution mechanism that guarantees fair and impartial decisions. This mechanism aims to prevent and resolve any conflicts between parties affected by CBAM.

Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) System

Finally, CBAM enforces a stringent Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) system that tracks emissions and compliance with the mechanism. This MRV system enables the EU to effectively monitor the implementation and efficacy of CBAM, ensuring its continuous improvement and adaptation to emerging climate challenges.

Key Components of the CBAM Agreement – Phase 2

Compliance Mechanisms

To ensure compliance with CBAM, importers of affected goods are required to purchase CBAM certificates, corresponding to the embedded emissions in their products. The certificates are priced based on the EU ETS prices, ensuring a transparent and consistent valuation of carbon emissions.

Carbon Price Assessment

Under CBAM, the carbon price is assessed based on the EU ETS, which is a well-established market mechanism for pricing carbon emissions. This market-based pricing ensures that the CBAM tariff accurately reflects the carbon cost associated with production.

Stay updated with the latest on CBAM!

As CBAM unfolds, staying updated with its evolving landscape is crucial for businesses to ensure compliance and strategically position themselves in the market. To aid in this endeavor, we invite you to subscribe to our newsletter. Our seasoned specialists will meticulously curate the most pertinent news and announcements regarding CBAM, delivering them straight to your inbox.

How does CBAM work

Check out part one here

Understanding Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism

The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is a ground-breaking initiative by the European Union (EU) to tackle carbon leakage and promote cleaner industrial production globally. With its ambitious aim to achieve climate neutrality by 2050, the CBAM imposes a carbon price on imported goods based on their carbon emissions, incentivising domestic and international producers to reduce their carbon footprint. Its implementation began in May 2023.

Two-Phases from Carbon Assessment to Global Compliance

The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) unfolds through a diligent two-phase approach. Initially, the focus is on precise assessment and pricing of carbon content in carbon-intensive goods like cement and fertilisers, requiring comprehensive data on energy consumption and emissions from the production process. This phase aims to incentivize cleaner production methods by assigning a carbon price to the goods, underpinned by guidelines ensuring a transparent evaluation process.

Transitioning into the implementation phase, CBAM mandates importers of such goods to report emissions and purchase carbon allowances equivalent to their products’ carbon content, aligning the costs with the EU’s Emissions Trading System (ETS) pricing. This ensures a fair distribution of carbon pricing burdens between local and international producers, mitigating carbon leakage.

Compliance is pivotal, enforced through strict monitoring mechanisms including documentation inspection and emissions data verification. Non-compliance may attract penalties, impacting business operations within the EU market. Over the long haul, adherence to CBAM policies is suggested to promote not only emissions reduction but also sustainable growth and fair global competition.

Phase 1: Assessment and Pricing

In the initial phase of implementing the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), we focus on assessing and pricing carbon emissions related to imported goods from non-EU countries. The primary objective is to establish a fair price for the carbon emitted during the production of carbon-intensive goods entering the EU while encouraging cleaner industrial production in non-EU countries

To effectively assess and price the carbon emissions, we examine imported goods’ embedded carbon content, which reflects the total greenhouse gas emissions generated during the production process. By accurately measuring embedded carbon content, we can establish a charge that properly represents the product’s environmental impact and aligns it with our domestic goods’ charges.

One of the main challenges in this phase is to identify and track relevant data for accurate assessment. Legislators collaborate with various stakeholders to gather and verify the necessary information, ensuring the entire process adheres to established standards and transparency requirements.

During the implementation, we acknowledge the potential effects on businesses. The transition towards full implementation in 2027 demands close coordination with trade partners and third countries, keeping their interests in mind.

In conclusion, the assessment and pricing phase is essential in laying a solid foundation for the EU’s CBAM. By developing a robust mechanism for accurately measuring and pricing carbon emissions, the EU strives to create a fair and sustainable market that benefits our environment and sets an example for global climate action.

Phase 2: Final Implementation

Phase 2 of the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) marks the transition to its full implementation. This phase, starting in 2027, represents a critical juncture in the EU’s strategy to combat carbon leakage and foster a sustainable trade environment.

A key feature of Phase 2 is the introduction of CBAM certificates. These certificates are instrumental in quantifying and managing the carbon emissions associated with imported goods. Businesses will be required to purchase CBAM certificates, correlating to the amount of carbon emissions their imported goods are responsible for. This approach not only ensures a fair and level playing field between domestic and imported products but also incentivizes producers outside the EU to adopt cleaner production methods.

The focus during this phase will be on ensuring seamless integration and compliance with the CBAM regulations. It involves close collaboration with international trade partners and third countries to adapt to these new requirements. The EU is committed to providing guidance and support to businesses and stakeholders during this transition, ensuring a balanced approach that respects the interests of all parties involved.

In essence, Phase 2 of CBAM is a pivotal step towards a more sustainable future. It not only aims to mitigate environmental impact but also strives to encourage global adoption of greener production practices. As we move forward, the EU continues to lead the way in innovative climate action, setting a precedent for environmental responsibility in global trade.

Stay updated with the latest on CBAM!

What is Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism – Understanding CBAM

In this guide series, we explore the details of CBAM, exploring its definition, objectives, and its pivotal role in merging climate change policies with global trade dynamics. As you navigate through, you’ll grasp the mechanism’s operational framework, from the initial assessment and pricing of carbon emissions in imported goods to the strict compliance requirements in the implementation phase. The guide reveals the key components of the CBAM agreement, shedding light on the tariff structure, revenue allocation, compliance mechanisms, and much more. With this key information you will have a holistic view of the mechanism’s impact on the EU’s trade relations and its broader implications on the global effort to combat climate change.

What is Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism – Understanding CBAM

Definition and Objectives of CBAM

The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is an innovative mechanism introduced by the European Union (EU) to address the challenges of climate change and carbon emissions. CBAM aims to put a fair price on carbon emissions generated during the production of specific goods imported into the EU and promote cleaner industrial production in non-EU countries. This mechanism is designed to address the issue of carbon leakage, which occurs when companies move their production to countries with lower emissions standards, leading to an increase in global emissions levels.

One of the primary objectives of CBAM is to ensure that industries within the EU and importing goods into the EU face the same carbon costs. As a result, the EU intends to level the playing field for businesses and avoid the risk of carbon leakage while encouraging cleaner production worldwide.

Significance in the climate change and global trade arena

CBAM plays a crucial role in the context of climate change and global trade. By putting a price on carbon emissions, the mechanism incentivises industries to adopt cleaner and more sustainable production methods, thus contributing to the broader global effort to combat climate change. Furthermore, CBAM sends a strong signal to trading partners that the EU is serious about acting on emissions and encourages them to adopt similar measures to decarbonise their industries.

In the global trade arena, CBAM has sparked debate about whether it is compatible with international trade rules. The mechanism may potentially lead to trade disputes, as some countries argue that it is a form of protectionism. However, the EU maintains that CBAM is designed to promote a level playing field for businesses and is in line with World Trade Organisation rules.

Overall, the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism is an important tool in the EU’s efforts to reduce carbon emissions and promote a sustainable global economy. As the mechanism is implemented, businesses must adapt to these new regulations and ensure compliance with CBAM requirements.

Stay updated with the latest on CBAM!

In the fast-paced world of e-commerce, the role of logistics has never been more crucial.
That’s why we compiled this e-book as a fully comprehensive guide to understanding the pivotal role that logistics plays in the success of e-commerce businesses. Whether you’re a small startup or a medium-sized enterprise, the challenges of the industry are numerous. But fear not, for this e-book will show you how to navigate these challenges and how to thrive with the support of your professional logistics partner.

The following guide will explain the critical role of logistics in e-commerce, break down the challenges faced by small and medium-sized e-commerce companies, outline ways to deal with them, and show you how to choose the best logistics partners.

Enjoy your reading!

In today’s rapidly evolving global marketplace, the role of technology cannot be overstated, and the freight forwarding industry in the United Kingdom is no exception. With the increasing complexity of supply chains and the demand for faster, more efficient transportation of goods, technology is playing a pivotal role in modernising the freight forwarding sector.

Predictions for the Future

As we move further into the 21st century, several key predictions point to significant changes in the freight forwarding industry in the UK.

Automation and AI Integration
Automation and artificial intelligence will play a central role in streamlining operations. Predictive analytics, machine learning, and robotic process automation will help freight forwarders make more informed decisions and reduce human error.

Enhanced Visibility
Real-time tracking and visibility of shipments will become the norm. Blockchain and IoT (Internet of Things) technology will be used to create an end-to-end digital trail, enabling stakeholders to monitor the location and status of cargo throughout the supply chain.

Eco-Friendly Initiatives
The freight industry is under increasing pressure to reduce its environmental footprint. Green technology and innovations, such as electric and autonomous vehicles, will become more prevalent as the industry works towards sustainable logistics solutions.

Customer-Centric Approach
Freight forwarders will focus on delivering an improved customer experience through user-friendly platforms and digital tools. This shift will necessitate a more personalised and agile approach to meet the diverse needs of clients.

Collaborative Ecosystems
Industry players will increasingly work together to create interconnected ecosystems. This collaboration can streamline operations, reduce costs, and enhance the overall efficiency of the freight forwarding process.

Addressing Pain Points in Freight Forwarding

The UK freight forwarding industry faces several pain points, many of which technology can effectively address.

Complex Documentation
Freight forwarding involves a multitude of documents and paperwork, making it a highly administrative process. Automation and digitalisation can significantly reduce the time and effort required for document management. By implementing document management systems it can simplify and expedite the documentation process.

Inefficient Communication
The reliance on traditional communication methods can lead to delays and miscommunication. Technology offers more efficient and real-time communication channels, improving collaboration among stakeholders. Implementing modern communication tools can ensure seamless communication with clients and partners.

Inaccurate Tracking
Without advanced tracking and visibility solutions, it’s challenging to provide customers with accurate information on their shipments. Modern technology can enable precise tracking, reducing uncertainty and improving customer satisfaction. Access to cutting-edge tracking technology ensures that clients have real-time access to the location and status of their shipments.

Risk Management
Freight forwarding is fraught with potential risks, from weather-related delays to geopolitical issues. Advanced analytics and predictive tools can help freight forwarders better anticipate and manage these risks. Conducting risk assessment and mitigation strategies can proactively address potential disruptions.

Lack of Transparency
The lack of transparency in the supply chain can lead to disputes and inefficiencies. Technologies like blockchain can create a transparent and immutable record of all transactions, increasing trust and accountability. The implementation of blockchain technology can enhance transparency and accountability in its operations.

Benefits of Modernisation with Ziegler

The adoption of technology in freight forwarding promises numerous benefits to the industry, its stakeholders, and the wider economy, with Ziegler leading the way:

Ziegler’s modernisation methods, including automation and digitalisation, streamline processes which reduce manual effort and enhance overall efficiency. Tasks that once took days can now be completed in hours, benefiting both us and our clients. By automating routine tasks and eliminating paperwork, we are able to significantly reduce our operational costs. Moreover, better data analytics enable us to optimise routes and reduce fuel consumption, further driving down expenses. Enhanced visibility and communication tools enable us to provide real-time information to our clients. This not only builds trust but also allows us to proactively address issues and concerns, resulting in higher satisfaction amongst our customers. Technology-driven predictive analytics and risk management tools allow us to identify potential issues and take preventive measures, reducing the chances of costly disruptions and disputes. We’re also heavily committed to environmental responsibility through investment in eco-friendly technologies such as electric vehicles and sustainable shipping practices, contributing towards a more sustainable and eco-conscious industry.

Our modernisation methods leverage the wealth of data generated to provide valuable insights for making more informed decisions, optimizing operations, and identifying opportunities for growth. A collaborative approach, which forms a critical part of their modernisation strategy, ensures better coordination and communication among various stakeholders in the supply chain, resulting in a smoother, more efficient movement of goods. Our early adoption of technology and modernisation methods positions us as industry leaders, offering superior services, faster delivery times, and more competitive pricing, attracting a larger client base. The future of UK freight forwarding is intricately tied to modernisation through technology. As the industry continues to evolve, Ziegler are not only embracing technology but leading the way in shaping the industry’s future. The adoption of technology addresses pain points, provides numerous benefits, and positions us for success in the dynamic world of global logistics. Modernisation is not just an option, it is a necessity.

Groupage transport, simply known as groupage, defines a special type of transport consisting in grouping together goods dispatched by several different companies into a same load. In international trade, the abbreviation LTT (Less Than Truckload) is frequently used, referring to groupage transport. “Consolidation” is another term used.

In practice, groupage transport comes into play when a company wishing to dispatch goods does not have a large enough volume to fill a truck, container, etc. For those companies, transporters specialised in groupage can offer to share any space remaining in their truck between several senders.

For companies resorting to this type of transport to dispatch their goods, groupage offers several advantages. It enables them to save money on transport. By opting for groupage transport, the company shares all transport costs with the other senders. It no longer has to pay all the delivery fees, as its merchandise only occupies part of the space available in the truck. Groupage offers companies an easier option for sending their merchandise to different destinations, without having to worry about the volume of goods dedicated to each destination. Groupage transport improves service quality for companies, as they benefit from numerous services via their providers (such as a wider variety of itineraries).

This being said, groupage transport requires more flexibility from senders regarding the products’ loading and delivery times. The transporter must first run a pick-up route to collect all the goods before delivering them all, whereas full-truck transport would simply consist in shipping one type of merchandise from a point A to a point B.

In the world of product shipment, groupage positions itself halfway between standard delivery services (a solution often too expensive or poorly-suited to the dispatched goods’ features) and more standard full truck load transport.

Specificities of groupage transport

Groupage transport is particularly recommended for dispatching goods when:

The volume of goods to dispatch is not big enough to fill a full truck load;
Dispatch deadlines are not a key criterion (groupage delivery is considerably longer than standard delivery, as it requires several deliveries to be grouped together);
The dispatched goods are aimed for delivery in different countries;
The goods dispatched can easily be combined onto one or several pallets.

Examples and practical applications

A company specialised in the manufacture of carpet rugs wishes to export its production to several countries. It can thus choose between several transport options – that are more or less expensive. To avoid major transport expenses, the company’s best option would be not to pay transport “for nothing” (with part of the load empty). When the volume it wishes to send out is smaller than the total loading volume available in a means of transport, it can turn to groupage.

To do so, the company must follow several set stages:

Searching for and selecting a provider specialised in groupage transport;
Communicating the features of the goods to be shipped (type of product, weight, volume, etc.);
Communicating the location of loading and unloading sites.

As for the transporter, it will make sure to group together shipments to joint destinations, whilst optimizing the space available in the truck. It will then provide the company in question with the goods’ loading and delivery dates.

Other applications offered – ETSF

An ETSF is an external temporary storage facility. ETSF’s are often located further inland away from the port or frontier. RoRo (Roll-on Roll-off) or groupage traffic can exit the port quickly and the customs declarations can be conducted at the ETSF avoiding unnecessary delays.

When off loading an ETSF trailer it is placed 3ft from the bay where full trailer and seal checks are performed. If the load after the GMR check places the trailer on ‘Customs Hold’ our onsite Customs are informed of this update. The warehouse will wait until customs confirm it is ok to proceed with unloading the trailer.

The trailer/ goods are treated with the same process as above but difference on these labels are will be a UCN number on the label which will be unique solely to that pallet. There can never be a non-labelled pallet in the ETSF area as this breaks customs rule.

In some instances there can be a short break where a pallet(s) will be placed in the stow unlabelled due to the quantity of that stock on the trailer. For example, if a stock line has 500 cartons on the loads it would produce 500 labels. The operator will therefore wait for the warehouse to advise how many pallets the 500 cartons we’re placed on and then complete the labels accordingly. All of these labels will have the same UCN number.

Once the warehouse completed the emptying of the trailer, all checked and labelled. Goods are placed into a stow in the ETSF area and recorded.

Why would operators choose to use an ETSF?

Many operators are choosing to move clearances away from the border to their own inland facilities – an ETSF (external temporary storage facility). The approval process for these sites requires an Inventory System to be in place. The Pentant ETSF system is uniquely truck-based, and a good fit for these operators.

Selecting the appropriate maritime freight forwarder holds immense significance for businesses engaged in global operations. Managing the seamless import and export of commodities through sea routes entails intricacies, underscoring the significance of evaluating various aspects while opting for the most suitable forwarder for your enterprise.

What is the role of a freight forwarder?
What type of forwarder should you choose?
How to identify a good maritime service provider?
What services should they offer?

Discover comprehensive insights on these and related topics in our e-book.